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In other words, it's a bet. .
The reverse is also correct. If computational power has been taken off of this network, the problem adjusts downward to make mining easier. .
"Say I tell three friends I'm thinking of a number between 1 and 100, and that I write that number on a sheet of paper and seal it in an envelope. My friends don't need to guess the exact number, they just must be the very first person to figure any number that's less than or equal to this number I'm thinking of.
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"Let us say I am thinking of the number 19. If Friend A guesses 21, they lose because 21>19. If Friend B guesses 16 and Friend C supposes 12, then they have both technically came at workable answers, since 16<19 and 12<19. There's no'extra credit' for Friend B, even though B's answer was nearer to the target answer of 19. .
"Now imagine that I present the'imagine what number I am thinking of' question, but I'm not asking only 3 friends, and I'm not thinking of a number between 1 and 100. Rather, I'm asking millions of prospective miners and I'm thinking of a 64-digit hexadecimal number. Now you see that it is going to be extremely difficult to guess the right answer." .
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If 1 in seven trillion doesn't sound difficult enough as is, here is the grab to the grab. Not only do bitcoin miners have to think of the ideal hash, they also have to be the first to do it.
Because bitcoin mining is essentially guesswork, arriving at the ideal answer before another miner has everything to do with how fast your computer can produce hashes. Just a decade ago, bitcoin miners can be carried out competitively on normal desktops. Over time, however, miners recognized that graphics cards commonly used for video games tend to be more capable of mining than desktops and graphics processing units (GPU) came to dominate the match.
These can run from $500 to the tens of thousands. .
Today, bitcoin mining is so competitive it can only be done profitably using the most up-to-date ASICs. When using desktop computers, GPUs, or older versions of ASICs, the expense of energy consumption actually surpasses the revenue generated. Even with the newest unit at your disposal, one computer is rarely enough to compete with exactly what miners call"mining pools" .
An mining pool is a group of miners that combine their computing power and divide the mined bitcoin between participants. A disproportionately large number of blocks are mined by pools rather than by individual miners. In July 2017, mining pools and companies represented approximately 80% to 90 percent of bitcoin computing power. .
Between 1 in 7 trillion chances, scaling difficulty levels, and also the huge network of consumers verifying transactions, one block of transactions is verified roughly every 10 minutes. However, its important to remember that 10 minutes is a goal, not a rule.
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The bitcoin network can process about seven transactions per second, with transactions being logged in the blockchain each 10 minutes. As the network of bitcoin consumers continues to grow, however, the number of transactions made in 10 go to the website minutes will eventually exceed the number of transactions that can be processed in 10 minutes.
This dilemma at the heart of the bitcoin protocol is known as scaling. While bitcoin miners generally agree that something has to be done to deal with scaling, there is less consensus about how do it. In the time of writing, there are two major solutions to this scaling problem, either (1) to decrease the amount of information needed to verify each block or (2) to increase the number of transactions that each block can save.
Solution 2 would deal with scaling by allowing for more information to be processed every 10 minutes. .
In July 2017, bitcoin miners and mining companies representing approximately 80% to 90% of their networks computing electricity required to incorporate a program that would reduce the amount of information needed to confirm each block. That is, they went with Solution 1.
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The app which miners voted to add to the bitcoin protocol is called a segregated witness, or SegWit. This term is an amalgamation of Segregated, meaning to different, and Witness, which describes signatures on a bitcoin transaction. Segregated Witness, then, means to separate transaction signatures from a block and attach them within an extended block.